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NMLS Surety Bonds (ESB)

Mortgage Servicer

Mortgage servicer bonds (NMLS ESB) cover companies that collect payments, manage escrow, and administer residential mortgage loans.

NMLS Surety Bonds (ESB)

What is a mortgage servicer bond?

Mortgage servicer bonds (NMLS ESB) cover companies that collect payments, manage escrow, and administer residential mortgage loans. Licensed mortgage servicers in states that require an ESB at licensing or renewal. Bond amount typically scales with portfolio UPB. Bond amount usually 100,000 to 1,000,000 dollars depending on state and serviced UPB.

Last verified June 17, 2026

Overview

A mortgage servicer bond is a surety bond that NMLS-licensed servicers post to collect payments, manage escrow, and administer residential mortgage loans under a state license. It guarantees that the servicer will follow state servicing law and handle borrower funds properly. Borrowers or the regulator can claim against the bond if a violation causes a loss.

State regulators set the required amount, which commonly scales with the unpaid principal balance the servicer manages, so it varies widely. Because the bond guarantees compliance, underwriting looks at company financials, capitalization, and owner credit.

It is a surety bond that protects borrowers and the state. The servicer reimburses the surety for any paid claim under the indemnity agreement.

Who needs this bond

Licensed mortgage servicers in states that require an ESB at licensing or renewal. Bond amount typically scales with portfolio UPB.

Typical amount and term

Bond amount usually 100,000 to 1,000,000 dollars depending on state and serviced UPB. Premium 1 to 2 percent of bond amount for well-capitalized servicers.

See Mortgage Servicer bond cost details

What this bond costs

Your premium is a small percentage of the bond amount, set by underwriting. The biggest drivers:

  • The state-set bond amount (often tied to serviced unpaid principal balance)
  • The company's capitalization and financial statements
  • The owners' credit
  • Servicing volume by state
ScenarioBond amountEstimated premium
Well-capitalized servicer$100,000 bondaround 1 to 2 percent per year
Mid-size servicer$250,000 bondaround 1.5 to 3 percent per year
Large portfolio, tiered amount$1,000,000 bondrate declines at higher amounts for strong files

Figures are illustrative premium ranges, not quotes or statutory amounts. Your rate depends on the bond amount your obligee requires and your underwriting profile.

Mortgage Servicer bond by the numbers

US jurisdictions we track require a mortgage servicer bond
52 of 52US jurisdictions we track require a mortgage servicer bondSource: state statutes compiled in the Cornerstone bond cost index, data as of 2026-06-17. Mortgage Servicer bond cost index
statutory bond amounts across the 52 states that publish one
$10,000 to $50,000statutory bond amounts across the 52 states that publish oneSource: state statutes compiled in the Cornerstone bond cost index, data as of 2026-06-17. Mortgage Servicer bond cost index
median statutory bond amount across those states
$10,000median statutory bond amount across those statesSource: state statutes compiled in the Cornerstone bond cost index, data as of 2026-06-17. Mortgage Servicer bond cost index

What you will need

  • NMLS Unique Identifier
  • Serviced UPB by state
  • Company financials and owner credit

How to apply

  1. Send NMLS ID and serviced UPB by state
  2. Carrier returns a per-state quote with tiered pricing
  3. ESB signed in NMLS by the surety

How a surety bond differs from insurance

A mortgage servicer bond is a surety guarantee that protects borrowers and the state. It is not insurance on the servicer's own losses. The bond backstops compliant handling of borrower payments and escrow; separate insurance covers the company's own exposures.

Frequently asked questions

Who needs a mortgage servicer bond?

Licensed mortgage servicers in states that require a surety bond at licensing or renewal, with the amount usually scaled to serviced balances.

How is the bond amount calculated?

By each state's regulator, frequently based on the unpaid principal balance serviced in that state, so the required amount varies.

What does the premium depend on?

Mainly the bond amount, the company's capitalization, and owner credit. Strong files earn lower rates.

Do servicers post a bond in each state?

Yes. Each licensing state requires its own bond at the amount that state sets.

Mortgage Servicer bond requirements by state

The figures below are the ones that actually differ from state to state. Everything else about this bond, who needs it, what underwriting looks at, and how it is filed, is the same everywhere and is covered above.

The published renewal fee is $300 to $800 in every state that charges one.

In every state that requires the bond, it renews annually alongside the underlying license.

Mortgage Servicer bond amount, requirements, and regulator by state
StateBond amountRegulator
Alabama$10,000Alabama State Banking Department
Alaska$10,000Alaska Division of Banking & Securities
Arizona$10,000Arizona Department of Financial Institutions
Arkansas$10,000Arkansas Securities Department
California$50,000California DFPI
Colorado$10,000Colorado Division of Real Estate
Connecticut$25,000Connecticut Department of Banking
Delaware$10,000Delaware Office of the State Bank Commissioner
District of Columbia$10,000DC Department of Insurance, Securities and Banking
Florida$50,000Florida Office of Financial Regulation
Georgia$10,000Georgia Department of Banking and Finance
Hawaii$10,000Hawaii DCCA
Idaho$10,000Idaho Department of Finance
Illinois$50,000Illinois DFPR
Indiana$10,000Indiana DFI
Iowa$10,000Iowa Division of Banking
Kansas$10,000Kansas OSBC
Kentucky$10,000Kentucky DFI
Louisiana$10,000Louisiana OFI
Maine$10,000Maine Bureau of Consumer Credit Protection
Maryland$10,000Maryland DLLR
Massachusetts$25,000Massachusetts Division of Banks
Michigan$10,000Michigan DIFS
Minnesota$10,000Minnesota Department of Commerce
Mississippi$10,000Mississippi Department of Banking
Missouri$10,000Missouri Division of Finance
Montana$10,000Montana Division of Banking and Financial Institutions
Nebraska$10,000Nebraska Department of Banking and Finance
Nevada$25,000Nevada Division of Mortgage Lending
New Hampshire$10,000New Hampshire Banking Department
New Jersey$10,000New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance
New Mexico$10,000New Mexico Regulation and Licensing
New York$50,000New York DFS
North Carolina$10,000North Carolina Commissioner of Banks
North Dakota$10,000North Dakota Department of Financial Institutions
Ohio$25,000Ohio Division of Financial Institutions
Oklahoma$10,000Oklahoma Department of Consumer Credit
Oregon$10,000Oregon Division of Financial Regulation
Pennsylvania$10,000Pennsylvania Department of Banking and Securities
Puerto Rico$10,000Puerto Rico OCIF
Rhode Island$10,000Rhode Island Division of Banking
South Carolina$10,000South Carolina Board of Financial Institutions
South Dakota$10,000South Dakota Division of Banking
Tennessee$10,000Tennessee Department of Financial Institutions
Texas$50,000Texas SML (Savings and Mortgage Lending)
Utah$10,000Utah DFI
Vermont$10,000Vermont DFR
Virginia$10,000Virginia Bureau of Financial Institutions
Washington$10,000Washington DFI
West Virginia$10,000West Virginia Division of Financial Institutions
Wisconsin$10,000Wisconsin Department of Financial Institutions
Wyoming$10,000Wyoming Division of Banking

State figures last verified August 3, 2026.

The complete compliance picture

The financial services and lenders stack

Lenders, mortgage originators, and money services businesses carry three layers of compliance at once: the state license that lets them operate, the surety bond a regulator may require to hold the license, and the insurance program that covers the operation. Here is how the three fit together.

Reviewed by the Cornerstone Surety bond team. Last reviewed 2026-06-17. Last verified June 17, 2026.